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A partial bibliography and references informing Viking Age Studies

Abram, David. 1996. The spell of the sensuous : perception and language in a more-than-human world. New York: Pantheon books.

 

Adam of Bremen. 2002. History of the archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen. tr. Francis J. Tschan. New York: Columbia University Press.

 

Adamus: Gesta Hammaburgensis ecclesieae pontificum. Electronic edition of Latin text with preface of G.Waitz. http://hbar.phys.msu.ru/gorm/chrons/bremen.htm. Accessed November 28, 2014.

 

Ágrip. 2007. Íslenzk fornrit XXIX bindi. Bjarni Einarsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Ament, H. 2005. Tierornamentik, Germanische. In Beck, H. & Müller, R. eds., Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. XXX. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 586-597.

 

Andersson, Theodore M. 1988. Lore and Literature in a Scandinavian Conversion Europe. Idee, Gestalt, Geschichte: Festschrift Klaus von See: Studien Zur Europäischen Kulturtradition. ed. Gerd Wolfgang Weber. Odense: Odense University Press. pp. 261-284.

 

Arkel-De Leeuw van Weenen, Andrea van. 1987. (transcription of) Möðruvallabók AM 132 Fol. Volume Two: Text. Leiden: E. J. Brill.

 

Arrow Odd: A Medieval Novel. 1970. trs. Paul Edwards and Hermann Pálsson. New York: New York University Press.

 

Axboe, Morten. 2007. Brakteatstudier (Studies in Gold Bracteates). Series: Nordiske Fortidsminder, Ser. B, Vol. 25. Copenhagen: Det Kongelige Nordiske Oldskriftselskab.

 

Bagge, Sverre. 1991. Society and Politics in Snorri Sturluson's Heimskringla. Berkeley: University of California Press.

 

Bagge, Sverre and Sæbjørg Walaker Nordeide.  2007. The Kingdom of Norway. Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy: Scandinavia, Central Europe and Rus' c. 900-1200. ed. Nora Berend. Cambridge University Press.

 

Bailey, Richard N. 1980. Viking Age Sculpture in Northern England. London: William Collins Sons & Co Ltd.

 

Bately, Janet & Anton Englert, eds. 2007. Ohthere's Voyages. Roskilde, Denmark: Viking Ship Museum.

 

Bek-Pedersen, Karen. 2011. The Norns in Old Norse Mythology. Edinburgh: Dunedin Academic Press.

 

Belting, Hans. 1994. Likeness and Presence: A History of the Image before the Era of Art. University of Chicago Press.

 

Berend, Nora. 2007. Introduction. Christianization and the Rise of Christian Monarchy. Nora Berend, ed. UK: Cambridge University Press.

 

Bertell, Maths. 2003. Tor och den nordiska åskan: Förställningar kring världsaxeln. Stockholms universitet.

 

Bertelsen, Lise Gjedssø. 2006. On Öpir's Picture. In Stoklund, Marie; Nielsen, Michael Lerche et al. Runes and Their Secrets: Studies in Runology. University of Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press.

 

Bill, Jan. 1997. Ships and Seamanship. The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings. Ed. Peter Sawyer. New York: Oxford University Press.

 

Birkeli, Emil. 1932. Det gamle ondvege i religionshistorisk belysning. Stavanger: Dreyers Grafiske Anstalt.

 

Birley, A. R. 1999. (trs) Agricola and Germany. Oxford University Press.

 

Blom, Grethe Authén. 1997. Hellig Olavs by Middelalder til 1537. Trondheims Historie 997-1997, Bind 1. Norway: Universitetsforlaget.

 

Bonde, Niels and Arne Emil Christensen. 1993. Dendrochronological dating of the Viking Age ship burials at Oseberg, Gokstad and Tune, Norway. Antiquity 67: 575-83.

 

Brennu-Njáls saga. 2010. Íslenzk fornrit XII bindi. Einar Ól Sveinsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Brink, Stefan. 2013. Myth and Ritual in Pre-Christian Scandinavian Landscape. Sacred sites and holy places: exploring the sacralization of landscape. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.

 

Bugge, Sophus. 1889. Studier over de nordiske Gude- og Heltesagns Oprindelse, I. Christiania: A. Cammermeyer.

 

Byock, Jesse. 2001. Viking Age Iceland. London: Penguin Books.

 

Christiansen, Arne, Anne Stine Ingstad, Bjørn Myhre. 1992. Osebergdronningens grav: vår arkeologiske nasjonalskatt i nytt lys. Oslo: Chr. Schibsteds Forlag A/S.

 

Christensen, Arne Emil, Margareta Nockert. 2006. Osebergfunnet: bind iv, Tekstilene. Oslo: PDC Tangen.

 

Christensen, Tom. 2010. Lejre beyond the legend – the archaeological evidence. Settlement and Coastal Research in the Southern North Sea Region, vol. 33, Rahden/Westf. pp. 237-254.

 

Cleasby, Richard and Gudbrand Vigfusson. 1969. An Icelandic-English Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press

 

Clunies Ross, Margaret. 2014. Royal Ideology in Early Scandinavia: A Theory Versus the Texts. Journal of English and Germanic Philology, Vol. 113, Number 1. University of Illinois Press. pp. 18-33.

 

--- 2007. Stylistic and Generic Definers of the Old Norse Skaldic Ekphrasis. Viking and Medieval Scandinavia. Vol. 3. Brepols Publishers.

 

--- 2005. A History of Old Norse Poetry and Poetics. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer.

 

--- 1998. Land-Taking and Text-Making in Medieval Iceland. Text and Territory: Geographical Imagination in the European Middle Ages. Sylvia Tomasch and Sealy Gilles, eds.  Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 159-84.

 

--- 1989. Two of Þórr's Great Fights according to Hymiskviða. Leeds Studies in English. n.s. 20. pp. 7-27.

 

--- 1994. Prolonged Echoes vol. 1: The Myths. Odense University Press,

 

Collingwood, W. G. 1927. Northumbrian Crosses of the Pre-Norman Age. London: Faber & Gwyer.

 

Complete Sagas of Icelanders, Vol. I-V. 1997. ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing.

 

Cubbon, A.M. 1996. The Art of Manx Crosses. Isle of Man: Manx National Heritage.

 

Cöllen, Sebastian. 2011. Der rätselhafte Gott: Heimdallr im Licht altnordischer Vorstellungen von Ahnen und Ordnung. Uppsala: Uppsala Universitet.

 

--- 2007. The Origin of the Fire in North Germanic Mythology. A N F 122, pp. 59- 78.

 

Davidson, H.R. Ellis. 1964. Gods and Myths of Northern Europe. Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England: Penguin Books.

 

--- & Peter Fischer. 1980. Saxo Grammaticus: The History of the Danes, Books 1-X. Volumes I&II. Cambridge: D. S. Brewer.

 

--- 1988. Myths and Symbols in Pagan Europe. Syracuse University Press.

 

Debertolis, Paolo, Giancarlo Tirelli, Fabrizio Monti. 2014. Systems of Acoustic Resonance at Ancient Sites and Related Brain Activity: Preliminary Results of Research. Archaeoacoustics: The Archaeology of Sound: Publication of Proceedings from the 2014 Conference in Malta. ed. Linda C. Eneix. CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.

 

Domeij Lundborg, M., 2006. Bound animal bodies. Ornamentation and skaldic poetry in the process of Christianization. Old Norse religion in long-term perspectives. Lund: Nordic Academic Press.

 

Dronke, Ursula. 1969. Poetic Edda II. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

 

DuBois, Thomas. 1999. Nordic Religions in the Viking Age. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

 

Dumézil, Georges. 1959. The Drama of the World: Balder, Hoder, Loki. tr. Alan Toth. Gods of the Ancient Northmen. Berkeley, Los Angeles and London: University of California Press. pp. 62-65.

 

Durkheim, Emile. 1995. The Elementary Forms of Religious Life. Originally published in 1912. Tr. Karen E. Fields. New York: The Free Press. 46 – 54.

 

Edda: die Lieder des Codex regius nebst verwandten Denkmälern. 1983. eds. Hans Kuhn & Gustav Neckel. Heidelberg: Carl Winter.

 

Edda. 1995. Snorri Sturluson. tr. Anthony Faulkes. London: Everyman J. M. Dent.

 

Egils saga. 2012. Íslenzk fornrit II bindi. Sigurðr Nordal gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Egil's saga. 1997. tr. Bernard Scudder. The Complete Sagas of Icelanders, Vol. I. ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing.

 

Eiríks saga rauða. 1985. Íslenzk fornrit IV bindi. Einar Ól. Sveinsson og Matthías Þórðarson gáfu út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Eisenschmidt, S. In Beck, H. & Müller, R. eds., Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. XXXIII. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 73-78.

 

Eliade, Mircea. 1956. The Forge and the Crucible. tr. Stephen Corrin. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press.

 

Eyrbyggja saga. 1985. Íslenzk fornrit IV bindi. Einar Ól. Sveinsson og Matthías Þórðarson gáfu út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Fagrskinna, a Catalogue of the Kings of Norway. 2003. tr. Alison Finlay. Leiden and Boston: Brill.

 

Fagurskinna. 2007. Íslenzk fornrit XXIX bindi. Bjarni Einarsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Falk, Hjalmar. 1913. Begravelsesterminologien i den oldnorsk-islandske litteratur. Festskrift Til Professor Alf Torp Paa Hans 60 Aars Fødseldag 27. September 1913. Kristiania: H. Aschehoug & co.  (W. Nygaard). pp. 1-18.

 

Finnur Jónsson. 1908. Den Norsk-Islandske skjaldedigtning 800-1200 B. København: Gyldendalske Boghandel.

 

Flateyjarbok: En Samling af Norske Konge-Sagaer med Indskudte Mindre Fortællinger. 1860. Guðbrandr Vigfússon, Carl Rikard Unger, eds. I. Bind. Christiania: P.T. Mallings Forlagsboghandel. (scanned and reproduced by Bibliobazarr)

 

Fontenrose, Joseph. 1980. Python: a study of Delphic myth and its origins. University of California Press. pp. 153–154.

 

Fornaldarsögur Norðurlanda I-III. 1943-44. Guðni Jónsson og Bjarni Vilhjálmsson sáu um útgáfuna. Reykjavík : Bókaútgáfan Forni.

 

Fóstbrœðra saga. 1943. Íslensk fornrit VI. Bindi. Vestfirðinga sǫgur. Reykjavík: Hið Íslenzka Fornritafélag.

 

Frank, Roberta. 1978. Old Norse Court Poetry: The Drottkvætt Stanza. Islandica XLII. Ithica and London: Cornell University Press.

 

Frazer, James George. 1913. The Golden Bough: A Study in Magic and Religion. Third Edition, Vol. 11 of 12. Part 7: Balder the Beautiful. The Fire-Festivals of Europe and the Doctrine of the External Soul. Vol. 2 of 2. New York and London: MacMillan and Co.

 

Freud, Sigmund. 1950. Totem and Taboo. tr. Peter Gay. New York: Routledge.

 

Friðriksson, Adolf. 1994. Sagas and Popular Antiquarianism in Icelandic Archaeology. Aldershot, GB: Avebury.

 

Friðriksson, Adolf and Orri Vésteinsson. 2003. Creating a Past: A Historiography of the Settlement of Iceland. Contact, Continuity and Collapse: The Norse Colonization of the North Atlantic. James H. Barrett, ed. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols. pp. 139-61.

 

Fuglesang, Signe Horn. 2007. Ekphrasis and Surviving Imagery in Viking Scandinavia. Viking and Medieval Scandinavia Vol. 3. Brepols Publishers.

 

Gade, Kari Ellen. 1995. The Structure of Old Norse Dróttkvætt Poetry. Ithaca and London: Cornell University Press.

 

--- 2012. Poetry from the King's Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. General Introduction sections 3.2 and 4. Diana Whaley, ed. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols. pp. xliv-lxx.

 

Geijer, Agnes. 1979. A History of Textile Art. London: Pasold Research Foundation, Sotheby Parke Bernet.

 

Gell, Alfred. 1998. Art and Agency: an Anthropological Theory. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

 

--- 1999. The technology of enchantment and the enchantment of technology. The art of anthropology : essays and diagrams. London; New Brunswick, NJ: Athlone Press.

 

Gendlin, Eugene T. 1962. Experiencing and the Creation of Meaning. Illinois: Northwestern University Press.

 

Gísla saga Súrssonar. 1943. Íslensk fornrit VI. Bindi. Vestfirðinga sǫgur. Reykjavík: Hið Íslenzka Fornritafélag.

 

Gokstad Finds, The. 2012. UiO: Museum of Cultural History. http://www.khm.uio.no/english/visit-us/viking-ship-museum/exhibitions/gokstad/. Accessed 26 Feb. 2014.

 

Graham-Cambell. 2013. Viking Art. London: Thames & Hudson.

 

Graham-Campbell, James and David Kidd. 1980. The Vikings. London: British Museum Publications, Ltd.

 

Grieg, Sigurd. 1928. Kongsgaarden. Osebergfunnet: bind ii. Brøgger, A.W., Hj. Falk, Haakon Schetelig, eds. Kristiania: A. W. Brøggers Boktrykkeri A/S.

 

Guðrún Harðardóttir. 2010. A View on the Preservation History of the Last Judgement Panels from Bjarnastaðahlíð, and some Speculations on the Medieval Cathedrals at Hólar. The Nordic

Apocalypse. Eds. Terry Gunnell and Annette Lassen. Not yet published: pdf. 2010.

 

Gunnel, Terry. 2001. Hof, Halls, Goðar and Dwarves: An Examination of the Ritual Space in the Pagan Icelandic Hall. Cosmos The Journal of the Traditional Cosmology Society. Volume 17 Number 1. June 2001: 3-36.

 

Gunnes, E. 1976. Rikssamling og kristning 800-1177. Norges historie, bind 2. Oslo: J. W. Cappelens Forlag A.S.

 

Gurevich, Elena A. 1992. Þulur in Skáldskaparmál: An Attempt at Skaldic Lexicology. Arkiv for Nordisk Filologi/Archives for Scandinavian Philology, 107, pp. 35-52.

 

Hall, Alaric. 2007. Elves in Anglo-Saxon England. Matters of Belief, Health, Gender and Identity. Anglo-Saxon Studies 8. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press.

 

Hall, Richard. 2007. The World of the Vikings. New York: Thames & Hudson

 

Hallfrœðar saga 1939. Íslenzk fornrit VIII. bindi. Einar Ól Sveinsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Hastrup, Kirsten. 1985. Culture and History in Medieval Iceland: An Anthropological Analysis of Structure and Change, Volume 1. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

 

Háttatal. 1991. Snorri Sturluson. Edda. ed. Anthony Faulkes. New York: Oxford University Press.

 

Hauck, Karl. 1986. Die Goldbrakteaten der Völkerwanderungszeit: 2,2 Ikonographischer Katalog (IK 2, Tafeln). Munchen: Wilhelm Fink Verlag.

 

--- 1978. Brakteatenikonologie. In Beck, H. & Müller, R. eds., Reallexikon der Germanischen Altertumskunde. III. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. pp. 361-401.

 

Hauglid, Roar. 1976. Norske Stavkirker: bygningshistorisk bakgrunn og utvikling. Oslo: Dreyers Forlag.

 

Hedeager, Lotte. 2011. Iron Age Myth and Materiality: An Archaeology of Scandinavia AD 400-1000. London and New York: Routledge.

 

Hedenstierna-Jonson, Charlotte. 2006. Borre style metalwork in the material culture of the Birka warriors: an apotropaic symbol. Fornvännen 2006(101):5, s. [312]-322 : ill.

 

Herschend, Frands. 1997. Livet i Hallen. Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, Uppsala universitet.

 

Herschend, Frands and Dorthe Kaldal Mikkelsen. 2003. The main building at Borg (I:1). Borg in Lofoten. eds. Gerd Stamsø Munch, Olav Sverre Johansen, Else Roesdahl. Trondheim: Tapir Academic Press.

 

Heimskringla. 1964. Snorri Sturluson. tr. Lee Hollander. Austin: University of Texas Press.

 

Heimskringla I. 1979. Íslenzk fornrit XXVI bindi. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Heimskringla I. 2011. Snorri Sturluson. tr. Alison Finlay and Anthony Faulkes. London: Viking Society for Northern Research, University College London.

 

Heimskringla II. 2002. Íslenzk fornrit XXVII bindi. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Heimskringla III. 2002. Íslenzk fornrit XXVIII bindi. Bjarni Aðalbjarnarson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Helmbrecht, Michaela. 2011. Wirkmächtige Kommunikationsmedien: Menschenbilder der Vendel- und Wikingerzeit und ihre Kontexte. Acta Archaeologica Lundensia Series prima in 4˚, No. 30. Lunds Universitet.

 

Helms, Mary W. 1993. Craft and the Kingly Ideal: Art, Trade and Power. Austin: University of Texas Press.

 

Historia Norwegie. 2003. eds. Inger Ekrem and Lars Boje Mortensen. tr. Peter Fisher. København: Museum Tusculanum Press.

 

Hohler, Erla B. 1992. “Wood-Carving.” From Viking to Crusader: Scandinavia and Europe 800-1200. eds. Else Roesdahl, David M Wilson. New York: Rizzoli.

 

Holtsmark, Anne. 1951. Skáro á skíði: Til Tolkningen av Voluspá str. 20. Maal og minne 1951: 81-89.

 

Hörður Ágústsson. 1989. Dómsdagur og helgir menn á Hólum. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska bókmenntafélag.

 

Hougen, Bjørn. Osebergfunnet Bind IV. Tekstilene. 2006. eds. Arne Emil Christensen and Margareta Nockert. Oslo: Kulturhistorisk Museum, Universitetet i Oslo.

 

Houlk, Per. 2006. The Oseberg Ship Burial, Norway: New Thoughts on the Skeletons from the Grave Mound. European Journal of Archaeology. Sage Publishing. Vol. 9(2-3): 185-210.

 

Hyde, Lewis. 1998. Trickster Makes the World. New York: North Point Press.

 

Íslendingabók. 1986. (&Landnámabók). 1986. Íslenzk fornrit I. bindi. Jakob Benediktsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Jacobsen Thorkild. 1968. The Battle Between Marduk and Tiamat, Journal of the American Oriental Society. Vol. 88, No. 1. Jan. - Mar., 1968 pp. 104-108.

 

Jesch, Judith. 1991. Women in the Viking Age. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. 

 

Jómsvíkinga saga. 1874. utgifven af Gustaf Cederschiöld efter skinnboken 7, 4to å Kungl. Biblioteket i Stockhom.

 

Jonaitis, Aldona, Aaron Glass. 2010. The Totem Pole. University of Washington Press.

 

Jóns saga helga. 1981 ed. Guðni Jónsson. Biskupa sögur II Hólarbyskupar. Reykjavík: Íslendingasagnaútgafan. 1-74.

 

Jones, Gwen. 1984. A History of the Vikings, second edition. Oxford University Press.

 

Jørgensen, Lars. Norse Religion and Ritual Sites in Scandinavia in the 6th-11th Centuries. 2014. Mittelalterstudien. ed. Kerstin Hofmann, et al. Band 29.  Paderborn.

 

Karnell, Maria Herlin, ed. 2012. Gotland's picture stones: bearers of an enigmatic legacy. Gotländskt arkiv, v. 84. Visby: Gotland Museum.

 

Keithahn, Edward L. 1963. Monuments in Cedar. Seattle: Superior Publishing.

 

Kermode, P. M. C. 1907. Manx Crosses. London: Bemrose & Sons Limited.

 

Kessler, Herbert A. 1989. “Old St. Peter’s and Church Decoration in Vedieval Latium.” Italian Church Decoration of the Middle Ages and Early Renaissance. ed. William Tronzo. Villa Spelman Colloquia – Vol. 1.

 

Kildal, Kristian. 1961. Ornamentale og Abstrakte Uttrykksformer i Norsk Tre- og Metallkunst. Oslo: Grøndahl & Søns Forlag.

 

Kjalnesinga saga. 1959. Íslenzk Fornrit XIV Bindi. Jóhannes Halldórsson gaf út. Reykjavík: hið Íslenzka fornritafélag.

 

Kopár, Lilla. 2012. Gods and Settlers: The Iconography of Norse Mythology in Anglo-Scandinavian Sculpture. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols.

 

Kormak's saga. 1997. tr. Rory McTurk. The Complete Sagas of Icelanders, Vol. I. ed. Viðar Hreinsson. Reykjavík: Leifur Eiríksson Publishing.

 

Kormáks saga. 1939. Íslenzk Fornrit VIII. bindi. Einar Ól Sveinsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Krafft, Sofie. 1956. Pictorial Weavings from the Viking Age. Oslo: Dreyers Forlag.

 

Kristján Eldjárn. 1953. Carved Panels from Flatatunga, Iceland. Acta Archaeologica XXIV:

81-101.

 

--- Icelandic Art. 1957. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc.

 

Kristni saga. 1953. Íslendinga sögur. Fyrsta bindi. Landssaga og landnám. Guðni Jónsson bjó til prentunar. Íslendingasagnaútgáfan.

 

Kristoffersen, Siv. 2010. Half beast-half man: hybrid figures in animal art. World Archaeology. Humans and Animals. Vol. 42(2): 261-272.

 

Krohn, Kaarle. 1905. Lemminkäinens tod < Christi > Balders tod. in Zeitschrift für Finnisch-Ugrische Sprach- und Volkskunde unter Mitwirkung von Fachgenossen herausgegeben von E. N. Setala und Kaarle Krohn. V Bandes V. Helsingfors: Druckerei der Finnischen Litteratur-Gesellschaft. pp. 83-138

 

Kuhn, Hans. Þórður hreða in Saga and Rímur. 2006. The Fantastic in Old Norse/Icelandic Literature: Sagas and the British Isles; Preprint Papers of The 13th International Saga Conference; Durham and York, 6th-12th August, 2006, ed. John McKinnell, David Ashurst and Donata Kick, 1: 524-532. Durham: The Centre for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Durham University, 2006.

 

Kusch, Eugen. 1964. Alte Kunst in Skandinavien. Germany: Verlag Hans Carl, Nürnberg.

 

La Farge, Beatrice and John Tucker. 1992. Glossary to the Poetic Edda. Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag.

 

Landnámabók (& Íslendingabók). 1986. Íslenzk fornrit I. bindi. Jakob Benediktsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Laxdœla saga. 1934. Íslenzk fornrit V. bindi. Einar Ól Sveinsson gaf út. Reykjavík: Hið íslenska fornritfélag.

 

Lawson, Graeme. 2006. Medieval Stone Buildings, Timber Halls and the Problem of the Lyre. in Archaeoacoustics. Chris Scarre, Graeme Lawson, eds. University of Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.

 

--- 1998. Mounds, megaliths, music and mind: some thoughts on the acoustical properties and purposes of archaeological spaces. Archaeological Review from Cambridge. Vol. 15:1.

 

Lebecq, Stéphane. 2007. Communication and exchange in northwest Europe. tr. Ian Wood. Ohthere's Voyages. Janet Bately & Anton Englert, eds. Roskilde, Denmark: The Viking Ship Museum. 150 - 56.

 

Liberman, Anatoly. 2004. Some Controversial Aspects of the Myth of Baldr. Alvíssmál 11: 17-54.

 

Lidén, Hans-Emil. 1969. From Pagan Sanctuary to Christian Church, the Excavation of Mære Church in Trøndelag. Norwegian Archaeological Review. Vol. 2: 25-32.

 

Lie, Hallvard. 1982. Om sagakunst og skaldskap: Utvalgte avhandlinger. Øvre Ervik : Alvheim & Eide.

 

Lindholm, Dan. 1969. Stave Churches in Norway. tr. Stella and Adam Bittleston. London: Rudolf Steiner Press.

 

Lindow, John. 2001. Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press.

 

--- 1997. Murder and Vengeance Among the Gods: Baldr in Scandinavian Mythology. Helsinki: FF Communications No. 262.

 

--- 1975. Riddles, Kennings, and the Complexity of Skaldic Poetry. Scandinavian Studies 47: 311-27.

 

--- 1975b. Comitatus, Individual and Honor: Studies in North Germanic Institutional Vocabulary. University of California Publications in Linguistics. Vol. 83. Berkeley and Los Angeles: University of California Press.

 

--- 2015. Skáru á skíði: Vǫluspá 20 and the Fixing of Fate. forthcoming.

 

Lindqvist, Sune. 1941. Gotlands Bildsteine I. Stockhom: Wahlström and Widstrand.

 

Lucas, Gavin, ed. with numerous contributors. 2009. Hofstadir: excavations of a Viking Age feasting hall in north-eastern Iceland. Institute of Archaeology Reykjavik Monograph 1. Reykjavik: Fornleifastofnun Íslands.

 

MacDonald, George F. 1996. Haida Art. Seattle: University of Washington Press.

 

--- 1983: Haida Monumental Art. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.

 

Magerøy, Ellen Marie. 1961. Flatatunga problems. Acta Archaeologica, Vol. XXXII, København pp. 153–172.

 

--- 1953. Tilene fra Mødrufell i Eyjafjord. VIKING Tidsskrift for norrøn arkeologi. XVII. pp. 43-61.

 

Magnússon, Magnús, Rosemonde Nairac. 1973. Viking expansion westwards. London: Bodley Head.

 

Marold, Edith. 2000. Die Húsdrápa als kosmologisches Gedicht. [PDF] from sydney.edu.au accessed: June 21, 2015.

 

--- Kosmogonische Mythen in der Húsdrápa des Úlfr Uggason. In: Studies Gerd Wolfgang Weber pp. 281-292.

 

--- 2012. Poetry from the King's Sagas 1: From Mythical Times to c. 1035. General Introduction section 5. Diana Whaley, ed. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols. pp. lxix-xc.

 

McKinnell, John. 2002. Þorgerðr Hölgabrúðr and Hyndluljóð. Mythological Women: Studies in Memory of Lotte Motz. R. Simek and W. Heizmann, eds. Wien: Fassbaender.

 

Meletinskij, Eleazar. 1974. Scandinavian Mythology as a System. Journal of symbolic anthropology. 1:43-58 (1973) 2:57-78 (1974).

 

Merleau-Ponty, Maurice. 2006. Phenomenology of Perception. tr. Colin Smith. London and New York: Routledge Classics.

 

Meulengracht Sørensen, Preben. Þórr's Fishing Expedition. The Poetic Edda. Paul Acker and Carolyne Larrington, eds. London: Routledge. pp. 119-137.

 

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